This page contains information that will assist you with the preparation of your manuscript for the initial submission and resubmission to our journal. Kindly acquaint yourself with our journal editorial policy before submitting your manuscript.

Please visit our journal home page if you are not familiar with our aims and scope. If your manuscript does not conform or fall under the area or field of our journal, your manuscript will be rejected and any fee you paid prior to the review will not be refund.

Our peer review page stipulate the process we undergo here to review your manuscript, we advise you to go through the content on the page if it is what you will like to associate with. As soon as the preparation of your manuscript is complete with the standard we adopt here, please visit our submission page to get the necessary information on the submission system.

Types of manuscript we expected to be submitted

1. Original Research: We expect you to submit manuscript on original research that has not be published or being reviewed by another scientific or academic journal.
2. Conference proceedings: We also welcome manuscript that contains materials that made up a conference proceedings paper provided that there is substantial and noticeable extension (not less than 30%) of methodology, analysis, results, conclusions and any other implications over the conference proceedings paper including the appropriate citation in the manuscript submitted.
3. Preprints: We can also consider preprints of primary study manuscripts that might be on preprint servers, authors’ personal or institutional websites. Preprint manuscript is classified as an author’s research manuscript that is deposited on a publicly available server prior to submission for formal peer review with any journal. Authors are mandated to make known to us the details of preprint material, including DOI and the licensing terms when submitting to our journal. The authors are responsible to update the preprint record as soon as we publish the material with the necessary publication references, DOI and the article published version URL link on our journal website.

Corresponding Author’s Roles

As the Corresponding Author of the manuscript submitted, we expect you to do the following:

• Prior to the submission of the manuscript, ensure that all authors approved the manuscript and its content
• Ensure all communication between our Journal and all co-authors are effectively managed prior and after publication
• Ensure high level of transparency materials that are been re-used and create awareness about any unpublished material in the manuscript in a cover letter to the Editor
• Inclusion of all authors’ disclosures and declarations on all data statements from all authors in the manuscript.
• Ensure to have Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID) ID, if you don’t have kindly register for one it is free at orcid.org/register. Your registration is expected to be only once and you can use your ORCID ID permanently. ORCID assist the scientific community to achieve explicit attribution of all intellectually contributions.

Submission
Article submissions should be done via our online Journal Management System, you can get this by clicking here

Resubmission

When you make any correction or alteration to your manuscript in accordance with the peer reviewer’s observation and comments, and you want to also add a covering letter to the editor in chief in order to explain the changes made, or denying the reviewer’s comments. Resubmission should still be done via online Journal Management System except otherwise stated.

We expect all resubmission to be done on/before 7 days of notification of the corrections that need to be made. Any delay with this could make your work not to be published on time.

On resubmission, the status of your paper will be changed within a span of time. Peradventure you did not see this or never got any acknowledgment from us to you, kindly contact the editorial office with the title and pseudo DOI (which serves as identification number of your manuscript)

Language

Manuscripts submitted to our journal are expected to be accessible and devoid of jargon. The findings made by your research should be communicated clearly. Abbreviations should be defined at first appearance and kept to a minimal. Clearly explain the background, justification and the conclusions of your study. Titles and abstracts are expected to be written in language that will be easily reasonable to any scholar.

Cover letter

The cover letter should contain the following:

• Title of manuscript (Should be written in title case, this simply mean that all words first letter with the exception of prepositions, articles, and conjunctions must be in uppercase (capitalized)).
• Name (Surname (upper case), First Name and Middle name), affiliation (details should include department, university or organization, city, state/province (if applicable) and country) and contact information (Email and Mobile phone) for all authors
• State the importance of the work that you are submitting and explain why it should be appropriate for the diverse readers of our journal.
• Disclosure of details of any manuscripts that currently been considered or in press elsewhere that are related to the one you are submitting here.
• To be typed out in font size “12”, font type: Segoe UI, the contents to be formatted as double-spaced, single column text with justification. All pages should be numbered using an Arabic numeral (for example, 123456..) in the center footer of each page.

Manuscript Preparation

Format

The manuscript should be arranged thus:

Title

Abstract

Keywords (5 words arranged in ascending other)

Introduction

Methodology

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgements (optional),

Author(s) Contributions,

Funding

Competing or conflicting Interests statement,

References,

Abbreviations

Figure Legends, and Tables.

Word

We do not use a manuscript template for Microsoft (MS) Word documents to be submitted. Rather we expect your manuscript to be typed out in font size “12”, font type: Segoe UI, the contents to be formatted as double-spaced, single column text with justification. All pages should be numbered using an Arabic numeral (for example, 123456..) in the center footer of each page. The symbols font should be used for representing Greek or any special characters where need.

Body of the Manuscript

1. Title

The title of the study

• Should be brief and specific,
• Should be written in title case, this simply mean that all words first letter with the exception of prepositions, articles, and conjunctions must be in uppercase (capitalized).
• Should contain words that will allow it to search engine friendly for easy retrieval online via any search engine.
• Should be comprehensible to all readers within and outside your field.
• Should be devoid of specialist abbreviations where possible

2. Abstract

Your abstract should be divided into five sections namely: Background, Methods, Results, Conclusions and Keywords. It should not contain more than two hundred and fifty words (250), once it does, we will reject your manuscript.

Background: The build up and rationale to the study should be described clearly. It should also end with the study aims and objective or specific research hypotheses statement.

Methods: You are to give brief description on what was studied or the participants not forgetting what was primarily being investigated, the design, intervention and main methods utilized. Also give description on how the results were analyzed.

Results: you are to give the outcome of the numerical findings if there be need and not leaving out the precision measurement (e.g. p<0.05). Input other things that need to be report in relation to the findings of the study.

Conclusions: Provide a general interpretation of the results with any important recommendations for future research.

Keywords: it should not be less than five words and a maximum of seven that can serve as your study focal point which could help in easy search online

3. Introduction

A concise review of the key literature should be used here to make the title more comprehensible to the reader. It should discuss the aim of the study in a wider view. The introduction should end with a brief aim of study statement.

4. Methods

The section should be briefly written in such a way that all elements needed for the interpretation and reproduction of the results. Statistical methods used should be described with enough details. If new structures are being report, there should be a table to summarize structural statistics. Loss of data during the analysis should be reported by the authors. References for the study design should be provided if there is any,

5. Results and Discussion

All important positive and negative findings are expected to be here. Data should be in table of figures where necessary. This section could be subdivided if there be need. This section is expected to make findings in a reported manner. You can use graphs as alternative to tables if there be need and do not duplicate or repeat data in graphs and tables. Let your report be seen with technical terms in statistics for example random, sample, correlation, significant etc. Clearly indicate what the abbreviation, statistical terms and symbols used stands for.

Discussion should be brief and summary of the findings in the result section and this should be tightly argued with other previous findings in other literatures that are relevant to the study

6.         Conclusions

You expected to make a provision of the general interpretation of the results with any important recommendations for future research.

7.         References

When developing your manuscript we expect that you use only articles or books that have been accepted or published by a recognized publication or recognized preprint server. Conference abstract that has been published, numbered patents and research datasets with assigned digital object identifier (DOI) can be included in developing your manuscript.

For the references you are to follow these guides

Citing in Your Paper (In Text Citation)

• One author: The surname (Last name) must be used. For parenthetical citation you can go like this- (Yusuf, 2019) and narrative citation you can go like this: Yusuf (2021)
• Two authors: The surname (Last name) of the authors must be used. For parenthetical citation can go like this- (Yusuf,& Suarez, 2021) and narrative citation can go like this: Yusuf and Suarez (2021)
• Three or more authors: The surname (Last name) of the first authors must be used. For parenthetical citation you can go like this- (Yusuf et al., 2019) and narrative citation can go like this: Yusuf et al., (2021)
• Group author with abbreviation:: For parenthetical citation you can go like this- First citation- (World Health Organization[WHO], 2021), Subsequent citations- (WHO, 2021). For narrative citation you can go like this- First citation-  World Health Organization (WHO, 2021), Subsequent citations- WHO (2021)
• Group author without abbreviation: For parenthetical citation you can go like this- (University of Chicago, 2021). For narrative citation you can go like this- University of Chicago (2021):
• Work discussed in secondary (another) source: You should cite like this: Solvic and Deepak’s study (as cited in Ronaldo et al, 2021).

Reference List

1. Books

By a Single Author: Kimmel, M. S. (2007). The gendered society. Oxford University Press

By Two or More Authors: DiFonzo, N., & Bordia, P. (2007). Rumor psychology: Social and organizational approaches. American Psychological Association.

By a Corporate (Group) Author: American Sociological Association. (1975). Approaches to the study of social structure. Free Press.

Edited Book: Rhodewalt, F. (Ed.). (2008). Personality and social behavior. Psychology Press.

Chapters in Books: Levi-Strauss, C. (1971). Totem and caste. In F. E. Katz (Ed.), Contemporary sociological theory (pp. 82-89). Random House.

Article, entry, or chapter from an online reference book (encyclopedia, dictionary, handbook): Online with a doi:Watkins, M. (2013). Mind-body problem. In H. Pashler (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the mind. SAGE. http://doi.org/10.36108/psj/1202.10.0110

Online with no DOI: Shevell, S. K. (2000). Color vision. In A. E. Kasdin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology (Vol.2, pp.182-186). Oxford University Press.

2. Journal Articles

One author

• Article with DOI: Onyemachi, R (2021). The heritage dispute and conflict: a case study of the Igbos in Nigeria. Environmental Studies Journal, 5(1), 12-36. https://doi.org/10.1036108/psj/1202.10.0110
• Article without DOI or in print: Onyemachi, R (2021). The heritage dispute and conflict: a case study of the Igbos in Nigeria. International Journal of Biosafety, Biosecurity & Bioscience Innovations, 5(1), 12-36.

Two authors

• Article with DOI: Adu, O.B., & Sanni, S. (2021). The global concerns of bioscience innovations . International Journal of Biosafety, Biosecurity & Bioscience Innovations, 5(1), 12-36. https://doi.org/10.1036108/ijbbb/1202.10.0110
• Article without DOI or in print: Bukar, M.G., & Braitewaith, P.D. (2021). The modern approach to biosafety and biosecurity among health workers. International Journal of Biosafety, Biosecurity & Bioscience Innovations, 5(1), 12-36

Three or more authors (up to 20 authors) include all surname and their first and middle (if applicable) name initials

• Article with DOI: Adu, O.B., Thomas, S .L, & Sanni, S. (2021). The global concerns of bioscience innovations . International Journal of Biosafety, Biosecurity & Bioscience Innovations, 5(1), 12-36. https://doi.org/10.1036108/ijbbb/1202.10.0110
• Article without DOI or in print: Bukar, M.G., Scroggins, W. A., & Braitewaith, P.D. (2021). The modern approach to biosafety and biosecurity among health workers. International Journal of Biosafety, Biosecurity & Bioscience Innovations, 5(1), 12-36

Article with 21 authors or more,

 List the first 19 authors and insert an ellipsis (…) and then the surname (last name) and first initials of the last author. Heijde, M. A., Torimiro, N. G., Mbabazi, R. N., Adeyemi, A., Okoli, A.S.., Abdullahi, N., Fadipe, O.E., Akinbo, O., Ramirez, G., Bosunde, T., Anderson, Z., Youssouf, H., Maredia, K., Bergen, W., Sanni, S., Ramos, B.,  Chan, L., Ebegba, R., Adu, O.B., … Olu, J. (2021). Study of the brain. International Journal of Biosafety, Biosecurity & Bioscience Innovations, 5(1), 12-36. https://doi.org/10.1036108/psj/1202.10.0110

3. Newspaper Articles

Online:

From a database: Mandhaki, M. (2021, September 11). Bitcoin and the global economy. Daily Times

Print: Bush, T. (2021, September 11). Nigeria market on the global scales. Punch Times, p. 26.

4. Magazine Article:

From a database or print:

Smith, R. (2021, September 21). Parenting in the millennium. Vanguard, 54(12), 23-35.

From a website:

Ochei, G. (2021, August 30). Should all wife stay at home? Vanguard. http://vanguard.com/35879/parenting/

5. Dissertations or Theses

Thesis or dissertation electronic copy from a database:

Igwe, J.K. (2021). Microplastic and its toxic effects on marine organism in bonny island (Publication No. 6451) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Portharcourt]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.

Thesis or dissertation electronic copy from an online archive or repository:

Grencki, P.Y. (2021). Isolation and characterization of cysteine proteases from water melon seed [Master’s thesis, Lagos State University, Ojo]. Lagos State University, scholalis. https://scholalis.com/lasu/cont/67yffde5

8.   Charts, Tables and Graphs

A copyright detail should be provided as a special note at the bottom of any item (such as chart, graphic or table) that you are reproducing from another source.

Note. From “medicinal plants and insects,” by G.S. Jackie and B.E. Pere , 2021, Plants and their contemporary benefits, 34, p. 236. Copyright 2021 by the authors. Reprinted with permission.

Peradventure permission was not sought then substitute “Permission not sought” in place of “Reprinted with permission”.

9.   Funding

Kindly state here the funding source that act as a support in carrying out the work. You can also describe the role of the research sponsor(s).

10.   Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements should be concise, and appreciation of anonymous referees and editors and excessive emotional comments should totally be discouraged. You can acknowledge source of grant or contribution.

11.  Author contributions

We require that an author contribution as described in the Authorship section of our Editorial policies (If you are yet to read this please we advise you to do so before submitting your manuscript) be included in your manuscript.

12.  Competing/Conflicting interests

Making a full disclosure of competing or conflicting interest will allow an author to be open with their readers and it is mandatory that all submission made to our journal indicate any possibility of this. The competing and conflicting of interest will be published alongside the final manuscript. You can have an ideal of what it is and what it is not competing or conflicting interest check https://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/coi/

13.   Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be keep to a minimal. All non-standard ones should list in alphabetical order, not leaving their expanded form. They should define upon first use in the text.

14.   Figures

• Figures should be numbered separately with Arabic numerals in the order of occurrence in the text of the manuscript.
• One or two column format figures are preferred.
• When appropriate, figures should include error bars.
• A description of the statistical treatment of error analysis should be included in the figure or scheme legend.
• If the article is accepted for publication, we could ask the author to supply high resolution version of the figures used in jpg format with a resolution of 500-1200 dpi and submitted as separate files
• Authors should note that figures could be published under a Creative Commons Attribution License, that permit them to be freely used, adapted and distributed as long as the appropriate attribution is applied.
• If figures are divided into parts, they should be labelled with a lower case (a, b, c and so on) with the same type size as used on the figure.

15.   Figure legends

A figure legend is expected to be used in describing key or vital messages of the figure that has been discussed in the content In a figure legend, the articles should start with a brief title (not more than 15 words) for the whole figure and continue with a short description of each panel and the symbols used, by lying emphasis on what is described in the figure and not the methodological details. Lengthy descriptions of methods should be avoided.

16.   Tables

All tables should have a brief title. Tables are to be submitted at the end of your text document or in a separate document in Microsoft (MS) Word files. This will include statistical analysis of data and should be describe by the use of standards of error analysis and ranges in a table legend. Abbreviations in the table can be explained using footnotes.  Tables should occupy only one printed page, if possible. It is mandatory that the Tables are cell-based; avoid picturing elements, text boxes, tabs, or returns in tables.

17.  Nomenclature
Using of standardized nomenclature is an important steps in the right direction for all scientific studies and endevours, this aid the integration of scientific information input in published work. Therefore, we strongly want all authors to use correct and well established nomenclature wherever necessary.

Kindly use SI units where necessary and provide the SI value in bracket for each value where not exclusively used.

Names of species should be italicized (e.g. Zea mays) and the genus and species should be written out in full, both in the title of the manuscript and at the first mention of an organism in a paper; after that, the first letter of the genus name, followed by the full species name may be used and they must also be italicized.
Alleles, genes, genotypes and mutations should be italicized too. We will advise that author use the recommended name by approaching the proper genetic nomenclature database, for example HUGO for human genes. It is also advisable to show the similarity for the gene appearing for the first time in the text. Cellular localization or oncogenes etc. gene prefixes should be shown in roman: v-fes, c-MYC, etc.
Accession Numbers should be provided to drug recommend International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN).

Suggested databases include, but are not limited to:

ArrayExpress
BioModels Database

ClinicalTrials.gov

Database of Interacting Proteins

DNA Data Bank of Japan [DDBJ]

EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database

GenBank
Gene Expression Omnibus [GEO]

Protein Data Bank

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

The public database should be consult for accession identifiers or numbers for all entities which include diseases, genes, mutants, proteins, etc., for example:

Ensembl
Entrez Gene

FlyBase
InterPro
Mouse Genome Database (MGD)

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)

List of multiple names of genes (or proteins) should not be separated by a slash, as in Oct4/Pou5f1‘, as this is not clear (it could indicate a ratio, alternative names, a complex, or different subunits). One name should be used throughout and the other can be included at first mention for example Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1).

18.   Chemical structures

All chemical structures should be made using ChemDraw or related program. A bold Arabic numeral (1, 2, 3, 4, 5…) should be given to all chemical compounds in the manner the compounds appeared in the manuscript. The chemical structure figures should be submitted in a size appropriate for direct incorporation into the printed journal.

Drawing settings: chain angle, 120° bond spacing, 20% of width; fixed length, 14.4 pt; bold width, 2.0 pt; line width, 0.6 pt; margin width 1.6 pt; hash spacing 2.5 pt.

Atom Label settings: font, Segoe UI size, 8 pt. Labels should be shown on Terminal Carbons and ‘Hide Implicit Hydrogens’ should be unchecked.

19.   Stereo images

Stereo images should be available for divergent ‘wall-eyed’ examination if used in the manuscript, and separate the two panels present by ∼55 mm.  We will require the stereo images to be submitted after accepting the manuscript for publication.

20.  Article withdrawal policy

As an author you have the right to withdraw the manuscript after submitting it. There will be no charge as long as it is withdrawn within 7 days of its initial submission.

 21.   Article Processing Charges

Our journals are self financed by the Publisher and we do not receive funding from any institution or government. We operate mainly through the processing and publication charges we get from the authors when they submit their manuscript. Please check the publication page of our journal for more details on this.

 22.   Handling post-publication issues

The integrity of our scientific record is something we do not joke with, and this makes us diligently investigate concerns generated by authors and readers. We intend to uphold high level of transparency with our readers. We give our authors the privilege to respond to any concerns generated in line with their articles. Original data yet to be processed could be demand and we can consult experts while the investigation is ongoing. The following could come up based on the intensity of the issues:

• We could reject or return manuscript provided it is still under consideration.
• Peradventure the article has been published online, considering the potency of the issues:

• An addendum or correction could be generated
• Note or expression could be issued by the editorial team with respect to the matters; and once the investigation is conclude, we will send a second notification
• The article could be retracted

• We could contact the author’s institution if the identified issues is quiet projected to be serious.

23.   Appeals

Authors have the privilege to ask the editors for reconsideration with respect to a rejection decision made on any of their manuscript.

On the occasion that the appeal earn further consideration, the editorial team may send the revised manuscript and/or authors’ response to one or more referees to comment on the issue at hand.

If the editors are convince that the initial decision was a mistake based on the evidence presented by the authors, a decision to reversed on appeal can be upheld

24.   Transfers

If the editorial team decline publication of a manuscript, before or after undergoing peer review, we can easily resubmit it to a different journal within the journal family published by Lujosh Ventures Limited who is also the publisher of this current journal you are on. You would not need to reformat, upload the files or pay for manuscript fee. We will contact you prior to the intra-transfer via email.

The reports from existing review will be shared with the receiving journal. The editorial team of the receiving journal will take the existing reviews into consideration when making their decision, which could include opinion from additional referees.

The benefits of transferring manuscript are as follows:

• Your choice: Authors decides whether and where to transfer their manuscript.
• Saving of time: There is no need of reentering submission information. No reformatting required for transfers between our journals.
• Fast Publication process: With already existing reviewer’s report, publication will be done faster.